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Table 1 Summary of bile acids on the replication of enteric viruses

From: Roles of bile acids in enteric virus replication

Viruses Major virus replication sites (D, J, I, or C) in vivo In vitro cell line Name of BAs (concentration tested) References
Pro-viral Anti-viral No effects
PoSaV/GIII/Cowden strain (or PEC) D, J LLC-PK1 GCA (50–500 μM), GCDCA (50–500 μM), TCDCA (50–500 μM), GDCA (100 μM) , TDCA (50–500 μM) and TLCA (100–500 μM) No UDCA and TUDCA (10–500 μM) Chang et al. 2004
GCDCA (100 μM) Not tested Not tested Shivanna et al. 2014, 2015
HuNoV/GII.3 D, J, I Duodenum HIE (D104 line) GCDCA (500 μM) Not tested Not tested Murakami et al. 2020
Jejunal HIE (J3 line) GCDCA (500 μM) Not tested Not tested
Jejunal HIE (J2 line) GCA (500 μM), GDCA (500 μM), GCDCA (5–500 μM), TCA (500 μM), TDCA (500 μM), TCDCA (5–500 μM), TLCA (500 μM), TUDCA (500 μM), CA (500 μM), CDCA (100 μM), DCA (100 μM) and LCA (50 μM) No UDCA (500 μM)
Ileum HIE (IL104 line) GCDCA (500 μM) Not tested Not tested
MuNoV/GV.1 J, I, C BV2 GCDCA (500 μM) No TCA (500 μM), GCA (500 μM), CA (500 μM) and TDCA (500 μM) Nelson et al. 2018
CMT93 No CDCA (100–200 μM) and DCA (100–200 μM) CA (50–200 μM) and LCA (50–200 μM) Grau et al. 2020
HuSaV/GI.1 D, J HuTu80 CA (125 μM), GCA (1000 μM), GCDCA (500 μM) No DCA (71.4 μM) Takagi et al. 2020
NEC8 CA (250 μM), GCA (500 μM), GCDCA (200 μM) No DCA (20 μM)
HuSaV/GI.2 HuTu80 GCA (1000 μM) Not tested No tested
HuSaV/GII.3 HuTu80 CA (125 μM), GCA (1000 μM), GCDCA (500 μM) No DCA (71.4 μM)
Rotavirus J, I MA104 No CDCA (100 μM) and DCA (100 μM) CA (200 μM), UDCA (200 μM) and GCDCA (200 μM) Kim and Chang 2011
Caco-2 Not tested CDCA (200 μM) Not tested
PEDV J, I Vero GCDCA (100 μM) Not tested Not tested Kim et al. 2017
Vero CDCA (25–200 μM), GCDCA (50–200 μM), UDCA (50–200 μM) and DCA (50–200 μM) No No Su et al. 2019
IPEC-DQ CDCA (100–200 μM), GCDCA (25–200 μM), UDCA (50–200 μM) and DCA (50–200 μM) No No
PDCoV J, I LLC-PK1 No CDCA (100 μM), LCA (12.5 μM) GCDCA (100 μM), CA (100 μM), TCA (100 μM), DCA (50 μM), GDCA (100 μM), and TDCA (100 μM) unpublished data
IPEC-J2 No CDCA (100 μM), LCA (6 μM)
  1. Notes: “No” means BAs tested in the study have no indicated effects; “Not tested” means no other BAs were tested in the study. CA cholic acid, DCA deoxycholic acid, LCA lithocholic acid, CDCA chenodeoxycholic acid, TCA taurocholic acid, TCDCA taurochenodeoxycholic acid, GCA glycocholic acid, GCDCA glycochenodeoxycholic acid, UDCA ursodeoxycholic acid
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Animal Diseases

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